Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1
Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Theology, Payam Noor University, Tabriz, Iran Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Payam Noor University, Shabestar, Iran Department of Law, Faculty of Social
2
Department of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, Payam Noor University, Mianeh, Iran
3
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Qain, Iran Department of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Mashhad, Iran
10.30473/pms.2024.71249.2082
Abstract
Human beings and their unique characteristics have always attracted the attention of philosophers throughout history and will continue to do so. Islamic philosophers, drawing from divine sources and philosophical principles, are no exception. Two renowned Muslim philosophers, Avicenna, representing the Peripatetic school, and Mulla Sadra, the founder of Transcendent Wisdom, have offered unique perspectives on this subject. In general, in Islamic philosophy, there is no disagreement about the immortality of the soul after the body, due to the clarity of Islamic sources. Most differences of opinion relate to the qualities of the soul during human life. One of the most precise theories about the soul is Mulla Sadra's theory of the corporeality of origination and the spirituality of subsistence, which posits the gradual perfection of the soul. With the advancement of knowledge today, some findings support his view, including the issue of growth until the last moment of life in developmental psychology and Roger Sperry's experiment based on physiological psychology. However, with the specialization of human knowledge, we witness a phenomenon the famous sociologist Emile Durkheim called anomie, meaning the breakdown of the organic relationship between various branches of knowledge, necessitating interdisciplinary research. This situation has led to the assumption that empirical research is different and separate from philosophical methods. The present research, employing an interdisciplinary approach, utilizes philosophical principles and physiological psychology to attempt to prove Mulla Sadra's theory of the corporeality of origination and the spirituality of subsistence through the usual empirical method, which is Roger Sperry's experiment.
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