A Comparative-Analytical Study of the Bodily Resurrection in Mulla Sadra and Aqa Ali Modarres Tehrani

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 ph.D student philosophy of ilam university

2 Associate professor.ilam univercity.iran

3 department of islamic theolgy and philosophy.ilam university

Abstract

The issue of bodily resurrection holds particular importance in Islamic philosophy. This article attempts to compare and evaluate the views of Mulla Sadra and Aqa Ali Modarres on bodily resurrection using an analytical-comparative method. Both philosophers have drawn upon the foundations of Transcendent Theosophy (Hikmat al-Muta‘aliyah) and believe that human actions are reflected in their otherworldly body. However, they differ in the details and the mode of realization of the bodily resurrection. Mulla Sadra believes that the material worldly body lacks the capacity for permanence in the hereafter due to its decay and annihilation. Therefore, after death, the soul is resurrected with its imaginal body (muthul), which is the embodiment of its actions and is formed through the faculty of imagination (quwwat al-khayal). In contrast, Hakim Modarres Tehrani believes that the soul deposits traces and characteristics in the material components of its body in this world. These deposits gradually develop after death towards the formation of a complete body in the hereafter, and this complete body unites with the soul. The findings of this research indicate that Mulla Sadra's theory of bodily resurrection is comprehensive and affirmed by both reason and religious texts, while Hakim Modarres's view, despite its innovations, faces serious critiques. This article demonstrates for the first time that Aqa Ali Modarres, while remaining faithful to Mulla Sadra’s principles, presents an alternative approach to bodily resurrection.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Ashtiani, Jalal al-Din. (1981). Sharh-e Hal va Ara-ye Falsafi-ye Mulla Sadra [A Biography and Exposition of Mulla Sadra's Philosophical Views]. Tehran: Nahzat-e Zanan-e Mosalman. (In Persian)
ــــــــــ (2000) .Moqaddameh bar al-Mabda' wa al-Ma'ad [Introduction to al-Mabda' wa al-Ma'ad]. Qom: Daftar-e Tablighat-e Eslami. (In Persian)
Badakhshan, Nematollah. (2001). The Harmony between Reason and Religion in Proving Physical Resurrection According to Sadr al-Muta'allihin Shirazi. Journal of Religious Thought, Shiraz University, Summer and Autumn 2001. (In Persian)
Haidarpoor, Ahmad. (2007). The Physical Resurrection in the Quran and Its Explanation in the Philosophy of Avicenna and Sadr al-Muta'allihin. Journal of Rational Knowledge, 7: Fall 2007.
Helli, Allamah Hasan ibn Dawud. (1972). Kitab al-Rijal. Najaf: Matba'at Haydariyya. (In Arabic)
Javadi Amoli, Abdullah. (n.d.). Dorus-e Sawti-ye Asar-e Javadi Amoli (Sharh-e Asfar) [Audio Lectures on the Works of Javadi Amoli (A Commentary on the Asfar)]. Qom: Majma'-e 'Ali-ye Hekmat-e Eslami. (In Persian)
Modarres Zanuzi Tehrani, Aqa Ali. (1997). Bada'i' al-Hikam. Edited by Ahmad Vaezi. Tehran. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (1999). Majmu'e-ye Mosannafat-e Hakim Mo'asses Aqa Ali Modarres Tehrani, Vol. 2. Tehran. (In Persian)
Mohammadi Gilani, Mohammad. (2000). Al-Ma'ad fi al-Kitab wa al-Sunnah. Tehran: Sayeh Publications. (In Arabic)
Obudiyyat, Abd al-Rasul. (2006). Darāmadi be Nezām-e Hikmat-e Sadra'i, Vol. 1. Qom: Mu'asseseh-ye Amuzeshi va Pazhuheshi-ye Emam Khomeini. (In Persian)
Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Muhammad ibn Ibrahim. (1975). Al-Mabda' wa al-Ma'ad. Tehran: Anjoman-e Hekmat va Falsafeh-ye Iran. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (1982). 'Arshiyyah. Edited and Translated by Gholamhossein Aahani. Tehran: Mowla. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (1987 a). Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Karim, Vols. 2, 3, 4, 7. Qom: Bidar. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (1987 b). Sharh Usul e Kafi, Vols. 1, 3. Tehran: Mu'asseseh-ye Motale'at va Tahqiqat-e Farhangi. (Persian)
ــــــــــ (1989). Mafatih al-Ghayb. Tehran: Mu'asseseh-ye Motale'at va Tahqiqat-e Farhangi. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (1989). Asrar al-Ayat. Translated and Annotated by Mohammad Khajavi. Tehran: Mu'asseseh-ye Motale'at va Tahqiqat-e Farhangi, First Edition. (In Persian)
ــــــــــ (1999). Al-Hikmah al-Muta'aliyah fi al-Asfar al-'Aqliyah al-Arba'ah, Vol. 9. Qom: Maktab al-Mustafavi. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (2002). Al-Mabda' wa al-Ma'ad (2 Volumes). Edited by Muhammad Dhabihi and Ja'far Shah-Nazari. Tehran: Bunyad-e Hikmat-e Eslami-ye Sadra. (In Arabic)
ــــــــــ (2003). Sharh wa Ta'liqah-ye Sadr al-Muta'allihin bar Ilahiyyat-e Shifa, Vol. 1. Tehran: Bunyad-e Hikmat-e Eslami-ye Sadra. (In Arabic)
Yazdan Panah, Yadollah. (2014). Mabani wa Usul-e 'Erfani-ye Nazari, Written by Seyyed Ata' Anzali. Qom: Mu'asseseh-ye Amuzeshi va Pazhuheshi-ye Emam Khomeini. (In Persian)
ــــــــــ (2016). Dorus-e Sawti-ye Asar-e Yazdan Panah (Sharh-e Asfar) [Audio Lectures on the Works of Yazdan Panah (A Commentary on the Asfar)]. Qom: Majma'-e 'Ali-ye Hekmat-e Eslami. (In Persian)

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 02 July 2025
  • Revise Date: 25 January 2026
  • Accept Date: 25 February 2026

Share

How to cite

Statistics