A Philosophical Comparison of Multiverse Models in Theoretical Physics and the Doctrine of the Gradation of Being in Transcendent Philosophy

In recent decades, the development of multiverse theories in theoretical physics has opened new avenues for discussions concerning the structure of reality and the relationship between scientific and metaphysical explanations. Given the complex relationship between theoretical physics and Islamic philosophy, this study critically examines the possibility of a dialogue between multiverse models and the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, on the one hand, and the doctrine of the gradation of being and the hierarchy of manifestations in Transcendent Philosophy, on the other. The main research question is to assess the degree of correspondence or divergence between these two frameworks in explaining the concept of “multiplicity” and to determine the limits of their epistemic interaction. The study aims to identify points of convergence and distinction and to provide a basis for a more precise understanding of the relationship between scientific and philosophical explanations of reality. Employing an analytical-comparative approach, the study focuses on comparing the conceptual structures of “being,” “multiplicity,” “manifestation,” and “ontological hierarchy” in the two domains. The findings indicate that fundamental ontological and epistemological differences preclude the reduction of either approach to the other; nevertheless, each possesses the capacity to explain certain aspects of reality within its own domain. Accordingly, the possibility of an interdisciplinary dialogue between physics and Transcendent Philosophy appears defensible, provided that the conceptual and methodological boundaries of each field are preserved. This study may contribute constructively to deepening the philosophical understanding of multiplicity and clarifying the relationship between science and philosophy.